They probably heard everything about arthrosis (deforming osteoarthrosis).The disease belongs to the most common disease in the muscle bone system.However, despite such popularity, not everyone can say confidently that they have full information about this joint disease.Because osteoarthrosis of the lower limbs is most often diagnosed, we detail the joint test of the knee and the methods of treating it.
Briefly on the arthrosis of the knee joint
So, what is it - knee arthrosis and how much do we know about it?In medicine, this disease has many names, each of which characterizes the pathology on its part.
So the term "gonarthrosis" makes it clear that the pathological process is formed (from the Greek gony -térd).
The name "arthrosis" (arthros) is an inflammatory disease in which the degeneration and atrophy of cartilage tissue occurs.
There is another, most accurate concept - deformation of osteoarthrosis.With long flowing pathology, it not only affects the surface of the knee joint, but also nearby ligaments, tendons and muscles.Blood circulation deteriorates, trophy (nutrition) is nervous, and metabolism is disturbed in periarticular tissues.The cartilage is thinning and destroyed quickly, the growth of bones (osteophytes) is formed on the side surface of the joint, the ligaments thicken and lose elasticity.All of this leads to an increasing restriction of joint mobility until the complete lack of movement.
The main cause of the disease is age -related changes.In addition, many additional factors cause joint development:
- Various injuries of the lower limbs;
- increased body weight;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- hereditary predisposition to the diseases of the muscle system;
- Violation of your metabolism.
The disease develops slowly and for years lack symptoms of joint damage.Nevertheless, degenerative changes are gradually taking place in joint structures.As a result, pain and crunch occurs while walking, limiting the mobility of the knee, and the atrophy of the close muscles of the thigh and the lower leg develops.
Symptoms of deforming osteoarthritis depend on the degree of damage to the knee joint, becoming more intense and acute as the process progresses.
Therefore, do not postpone the doctor's visit.It should be remembered that it is impossible to finally cure arthrosis, but its development can be completely suspended.The sooner the therapy begins, the more chances you have to succeed and reduce the risk of complications.
Methods of treating the disease
If the patient arrives at the doctor: "A doctor, the knee joint artrose, tell me how and what to treat" - you probably do not get a clear and specific answer.Honartrosis therapy is a long process that includes a complete complex of therapeutic measures.Treatment of any pathology always begins with the collection of anamnesis and diagnosis.
When planning the tactics of treatment, the doctor takes into account the age of the patient, the stage of the disease, the degree of joint damage, the presence and severity of the pain syndrome.Uniform therapy for osteoarthrosis of the knee and a drug that helps everyone at the same time does not exist.The fight against articular pathology should be complex and includes not only drugs, but also physiotherapy procedures, therapeutic exercises and recipes for conventional medicine.With the failure of all conservative measures, surgical interventions are performed.
Medication
All drugs used in the fight against deforming osteoarthritis can be conditionally divided into two groups:
- drugs that alleviate the main symptoms of the disease (non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs, glucocorticosteroid hormones);
- It means that it restores the joint and prevents it from destroying (chondroprotectors, including hyaluronic acid).
Treatment of gonarthrosis always begins with the first group of drugs, which quickly eliminate the pain syndrome.The patient suffers from pain in the patient most of the patient.
Nsaid
Non -sertoid anti -inflammatory drugs are used to eliminate severe pain, discomfort, edema removal and arthritis and close tissues.These drugs can be used orally, intramuscularly or locally, directly in the affected joint.
Various ointments and gels are used for external use.The anesthetic effect usually occurs fast enough and persists for several hours.Ointments are also good for being used for a long time as the course duration has been coordinated with the participating specialist.
Treatment with non -steroid anti -inflammatory drugs is not exceeded for two weeks as it has many side effects.
Therefore, careful NSAIDs are prescribed for chronic diseases of the stomach tract and elderly patients.
Corticosteroids
If the treatment of NSAIDs is ineffective and painful syndrome, your doctor may prescribe intraarticular injections of hormonal drugs.They behave much more efficiently than the drugs of the non -steroid group.
Due to many undesirable consequences, glucocorticosteroid hormones are introduced into the intraarticular cavity of the affected knee every 10 to 14 days and only during the pronounced aggravation into the intraarticular cavity.
Chondropotectors
Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate prevent further destruction of the joint and contributes to restoring the surface of the cartilage sheets.
Condroprotectors improve the nutrition of intraarticular tissues, saturate the synovial fluid with the necessary trace elements, reduce pain, edema and inflammation.They can be used in tablets, ointments, intra -articular injections.
Treatment of the treatment of the cartilage with drugs lasts for at least 4-5 months.The result is a lasting and prolonged effect for several years.
Speaking of chondroprotectors, you should not mention Generation III.These products contain non -steroidal anti -inflammatory supplements in addition to the chondroprotector, which allows you to reduce the amount of drugs taken and achieve good results.
In the composition of hyaluronic acid preparations, they are almost appropriate for synovial fluid.After struck the joint, the material creates a thin foil on the surface of the cartilage, which protect them during movements.
Intraarticular injections of hyaluronic acid are only prescribed during persistent remission.
Surgery
Surgical intervention is only used in extreme cases where conservative treatment does not give positive results.There are different ways of performing different operations at the trauma level of modern medicine:
- Arthroscopy- The most beautiful method of surgical intervention.It can be used even in the early stages of the knee joint arthrosis.The procedure is suitable for young people leading the active lifestyle and can be repeated if necessary.
- Osteotomy.Surgery is prescribed for patients with severe deformation of the joint.During the process, artificial fracture of the deformed bone is performed.Experts then provide anatomically and physiological correct merger.
- Endoprostics- The most radical type of surgical intervention.During surgery, the joint is replaced by the implant.Despite the complexity of implementation and the duration of the restoration, endoprostics is the best alternative to artrodesis (joint joints to immobilize the joint).
Physiotherapy in the joint treatment of knee
Physiotherapy procedures are very effective in the early stages of the disease.They quickly eliminate pain, relieve muscle cramps, prevent cartilage from destruction and accelerate its regeneration.
By using physiotherapy measures, medicines can be administered directly to the affected joint on the skin.Most often with the arthrosis of the knee, the following physiotherapists are prescribed:
- Magnetotherapy (10-20 session);
- medical baths (radon, mud, bischophytic, hydrogen sulfide);
- Middle volume ultraviolet irradiation (6-7 times);
- UHF therapy;
- Electrophoresis with solutions of anti -inflammatory, vascular, analgesic drugs;
- Darsonvalization;
- Laser therapy (at least 10 sessions).
It is only a specialist that may be a specialist in the case of the treatment, the age of the therapy, the age of the patient, the age of the patient and the presence of concomitant diseases.
Practice therapy
Therapeutic gymnastics is one of the components of successful therapy for deformation of osteoarthrosis.Charging strengthens the muscles, improves blood circulation, returns to joints, and lost flexibility.
Approximate practical set
The classes are selected separately for each patient.LFK should be coated regularly, gradually increasing the load on the joint.The exercises are best done several times a day for 10-15 minutes.
After an evening workout, it is advisable to shower at a comfortable water temperature, then patients with a Terry towel and rubbing a massage with anti -inflammatory ointments.
Therapy with folk medicine
Folk treatment methods are very popular with patients with arthrosis of the knee joints.All sorts of compression, rubbing and ointment of herbs have been widely used.Before using recipes for traditional medicine, you should consult a doctor.It should be remembered that they cannot replace the main medication therapy.
With severe pain in the joint, you can make 100 grams of honey and a tablespoon of salt.The procedure takes place at night.
The heating compression of salt, sand or cereals is very popular among patients.It is easy to prepare them - it is sufficient to heat the selected product in a frying pan, pour it into a bag and pour it into a hot but not burning condition and secure it to the joint.
In addition to these tools, you can use paraffin applications, cabbage or burdock leaves to overcome the arthrosis of your knee.
Use recipes for traditional medicine to remember that gonarthrosis cannot be cured with help.It can only reduce the manifestations of the disease and improve the quality of human life.
Conclusion
To prevent age deformation related to age, exercise regularly, watch good nutrition, avoid injuries and wear comfortable shoes.If the discomfort of the knee area appears, contact your doctor immediately.Only one specialist can diagnose and can tell you how to treat the knee artrosis.Mediation alone only exacerbates the disease.